State Education Spending Rankings

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A few years ago, we analyzed support data from the OES and the UNESCO Institute for Statistics, how much education is being spent, where it is being distributed, by whom and through which channels. We’ll be updating to see what’s changed in two years. The latest data are from 2019, so the pandemic impact of COVID-19 on education finance is not taken into account in this retrospective analysis. The next update may be very different.

Despite recent efforts to raise $ 4 billion from donors to supplement the Global Partnership for Education, most education spending continues to be self-financing, accounting for only a small portion of total education spending.

State Education Spending Rankings

State Education Spending Rankings

Convincing finance ministers to increase the share of domestic revenue allocated to education will save more money and be more sustainable. Increasing the mobilization of domestic resources through progressive taxation is a strategy to do so. The second is the reluctance of finance ministers to spend on social sectors – for example, to find ways to make financial outcomes faster in education – and to improve the provision of credible information to educated citizens about their financial incomes.

Percentage Of Higher Education Expenditure Of U.s. State/local Government 2022

Despite the predominance of domestic finance in terms of numbers, education support plays an important role, especially for the most vulnerable groups who are often unable to access the education system of the population. We have seen a significant increase in education support since 2000. After the plateau between 2010 and 2015, education aid has increased and declined over the last four years, and we have data. Interestingly, health care has declined at the same time – a trend that may change as the next data is published.

USAID focuses most of its education support on elementary education, and has recently focused on early childhood education. This is changing with his new approach to education, which allows for more flexibility in USAID funding. However, much of USAID funding has been allocated to basic education in recent years, including $ 392 million in school catering since 2017 (now reported separately).

In contrast, Germany – the largest donor to education – continues to allocate the bulk of its funding to post-secondary education, especially from students from developing countries to study at universities in Germany. In 2016, Germany spent 47 percent of its education aid on scholarships, and in 2019 it spent 50 percent. At the same time, Germany has confirmed its position as a leading donor in the field of education, increasing basic and secondary aid from $ 790 million in 2016 to $ 060 million in 2019.

We are also interested in the amount of aid that “important words” can say about how countries are treated. To do this, we use the donor’s Country Programming Assistance (CPA) amount, which states that “providers can program for individual countries or regions, and which partner countries may make sense.” The CPA is probably the closest representative of aid to partner countries, rather than official development aid, which includes money that recipient countries do not see. But he is still not perfect.

Higher Education Spending By Country 2022

The grant money can be coded as a country, but the state’s influence on where it is held may be limited. Some of the costs – for example, the Global Partnership for Education, Education Can’t Wait, and the Girls’ Education Challenge – are not coded as CPA, but in some cases countries say how they are treated. There are also difficulties in coding multilateral aid: the $ 4.1 billion multilateral, including the World Bank, the Inter-American Development Bank and the UN, but not the CPA. Again, recipient countries play a role in deciding how to use this assistance.

However, what we find when looking at the central processing facilities is how the host countries use about 50 per cent of the aid in the field of education. In 2019, total aid to the education sector reached $ 16.2 billion. Here comes the $ 5.8 billion CPA and the extra $ 4.1 billion from the multilateral side. But that leaves $ 6.3 billion, six countries that can’t afford it. Most of them are never seen by “recipients” and donors have different views on the value of this technique. In the event that the donor flows to local governments or higher education institutions in the country, he or she may not be able to cross the border, or may go directly to the main funding of non-governmental organizations. This is not a bad thing. If we believe that aid can fill the gaps in the state education budget, we need to reconsider the total amount that comes to bridge these holes.

As Abovegary points out, this review is not perfect and has one major drawback – the Global Partnership for Education (GPE). GPE is probably the most “democratic” donor to many of the country’s development partners in funding donors and, of course, in education. The Board of Directors approves the grants, which are funded by the government to fund the education plan. It is therefore debatable that any analysis that has had the greatest impact on donor countries should include support provided to GPEs, even if they do not fall into the category of programmed country support. The graph (Figure 4b) looks a little different, with the European Union, Norway, and the UK talking more to partners in the country when GPE money is introduced.

State Education Spending Rankings

Figure 4b. Which partner countries will be able to deliver keynote speeches in 2019 ($ 1 billion, regular 2018), including support for global partnerships for education?

The State Of Global Education Finance In Seven Charts: An Update

If asked to name the five countries with the highest number of school-age children, we would say Jordan, Georgia, Azerbaijan (high-income countries) or Moldova and Mongolia (lower-middle-income countries). In fact, one of the top ten countries in the world in terms of income is low-income and Jordan is an important refugee country.

Expectation of agreement – aid should benefit the most vulnerable countries, but this is very rare. National self-interest, geopolitical and commercial considerations, as well as the needs and activities of the institution affect the decision-making of donors.

Of course, this diagram does not take into account the cost of spending in some countries, but shows that some rich countries receive a proportionate share of donor funding for education. If we take care of poverty alleviation education, allocating aid may be more difficult than doubling or doubling aid budgets.

In 20 countries, one donor provides more than 40 percent of all education support. Although the fragmentation of aid is often thought to be detrimental to developmental results, the larger the number of donors, the less likely the leading donor is. The wide range of donors can also mean that more innovation, gaining experience in providing information on decisions, and arguably, more autonomy for the recipient government to determine its own priorities.

Indicator C1. How Much Is Spent Per Student On Educational Institutions?

Note: nominated for the top 25 countries by priority of leading donors; with the exception of countries with an annual gross income of less than $ 40 million. Percentage and million dollars.

Another way to look at it is whether donors dominate the workplace. The largest donor of donations will often be the largest donor in the countries that have donated because of their size. But when you look at how donors distribute their resources, it is clear that there are different approaches to work, even in the largest donor countries. After all, the U.S. operates in 90 countries and almost half of them are leading donors. Only Australia and Turkey are close to taking over most of the countries where they work.

Different approaches can help more countries, take up more space on desks and contribute more than dollars and dollars spent on ideas and experiences. Canada, Korea, Switzerland, Norway and Finland can use this method. Japan, however, stands out, providing educational assistance to more than 70 countries, with a small share in each.

State Education Spending Rankings

As a bonus scheme for this upgrade, we have borrowed from the work of our CGD counterparts that produce quality development support. We checked to see if the donor would stop funding for education in its entirety, and whether education support would be better or worse. In other words, is the donor shifting global education support to the optimal type?

World Bank Education Statistics

Of course, the best distribution of education support for one person may not be for the other – there are competitive educational advantages and we do not know what the priority should be here. Therefore, we analyzed the data for the options: first, to provide support in countries with the lowest school year of children; and secondly, to support countries with the highest levels of education.

The main result of this review is that there are about a dozen countries whose expenditures are the biggest deficit during the school years (on the left). The United Kingdom has come to Pakistan, Ethiopia, and Bangladesh because of its support for large countries with high school graduation rates.

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